{"id":1029604,"name":"Government spending on education as share of GDP","unit":"%","createdAt":"2025-05-14T12:35:38.000Z","updatedAt":"2025-06-10T12:36:30.000Z","coverage":"","timespan":"1970-2024","datasetId":7076,"shortUnit":"%","columnOrder":0,"shortName":"government_expenditure_on_education_as_a_percentage_of_gdp__pct__xgdp_fsgov","catalogPath":"grapher/unesco/2025-05-01/education_sdgs/education_sdgs#government_expenditure_on_education_as_a_percentage_of_gdp__pct__xgdp_fsgov","descriptionShort":"Share of a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) that is allocated to education from the national budget.","descriptionFromProducer":"","type":"float","grapherConfigIdETL":"019759d7-9504-7755-a0f9-c3be0932e233","dataChecksum":"6691623872688040506","metadataChecksum":"-1476528369125989906","datasetName":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) - Education (SDGs)","updatePeriodDays":365,"datasetVersion":"2025-05-01","nonRedistributable":false,"display":{"unit":"%","shortUnit":"%","numDecimalPlaces":1},"schemaVersion":2,"processingLevel":"minor","presentation":{"topicTagsLinks":["Global Education"]},"descriptionKey":["This indicator shows how much of a country’s overall economic resources are invested in its education system.","It captures government spending on education — both current and capital — as a percentage of national GDP for a given year.","The indicator is calculated by dividing total government spending on education by the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and multiplying by 100.","A higher value suggests a stronger policy commitment to education and potentially greater availability of funding for schools, teachers, materials, and infrastructure.","The Education 2030 Framework for Action recommends allocating at least 4% to 6% of GDP to education as a benchmark for sufficient public investment.","Data on education spending are gathered from national finance or education ministries through the annual UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) education survey or the UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) collection.","GDP data come from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators and are updated quarterly, with the June release typically used for reporting this indicator.","Disaggregated values by level of education (e.g. primary, secondary) can reveal how resources are distributed across the system.","While useful for comparing education investment across countries, the indicator may underestimate total spending if education budgets from ministries other than the Ministry of Education are not included.","Changes in economic output (GDP) can also affect the indicator, so it’s important to interpret trends in the context of both economic and education sector developments."],"dimensions":{"years":{"values":[{"id":2006},{"id":2007},{"id":2008},{"id":2009},{"id":2010},{"id":2011},{"id":2012},{"id":2013},{"id":2014},{"id":2015},{"id":2016},{"id":2017},{"id":1994},{"id":1995},{"id":1996},{"id":1997},{"id":1998},{"id":1999},{"id":2000},{"id":2001},{"id":2002},{"id":2003},{"id":2004},{"id":2005},{"id":2018},{"id":2019},{"id":2020},{"id":2021},{"id":2022},{"id":2023},{"id":1979},{"id":1980},{"id":1985},{"id":1986},{"id":1987},{"id":1970},{"id":1972},{"id":1973},{"id":1974},{"id":1975},{"id":1976},{"id":1977},{"id":1978},{"id":1982},{"id":1983},{"id":1984},{"id":1989},{"id":1990},{"id":1988},{"id":1991},{"id":1992},{"id":1993},{"id":1971},{"id":1981},{"id":2024}]},"entities":{"values":[{"id":15,"name":"Afghanistan","code":"AFG"},{"id":16,"name":"Albania","code":"ALB"},{"id":17,"name":"Algeria","code":"DZA"},{"id":246,"name":"American Samoa","code":"ASM"},{"id":18,"name":"Andorra","code":"AND"},{"id":19,"name":"Angola","code":"AGO"},{"id":228,"name":"Anguilla","code":"AIA"},{"id":20,"name":"Antigua and Barbuda","code":"ATG"},{"id":21,"name":"Argentina","code":"ARG"},{"id":22,"name":"Armenia","code":"ARM"},{"id":219,"name":"Aruba","code":"ABW"},{"id":23,"name":"Australia","code":"AUS"},{"id":24,"name":"Austria","code":"AUT"},{"id":25,"name":"Azerbaijan","code":"AZE"},{"id":26,"name":"Bahamas","code":"BHS"},{"id":27,"name":"Bahrain","code":"BHR"},{"id":28,"name":"Bangladesh","code":"BGD"},{"id":29,"name":"Barbados","code":"BRB"},{"id":30,"name":"Belarus","code":"BLR"},{"id":4,"name":"Belgium","code":"BEL"},{"id":31,"name":"Belize","code":"BLZ"},{"id":32,"name":"Benin","code":"BEN"},{"id":194,"name":"Bermuda","code":"BMU"},{"id":33,"name":"Bhutan","code":"BTN"},{"id":34,"name":"Bolivia","code":"BOL"},{"id":35,"name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","code":"BIH"},{"id":36,"name":"Botswana","code":"BWA"},{"id":37,"name":"Brazil","code":"BRA"},{"id":196,"name":"British Virgin Islands","code":"VGB"},{"id":38,"name":"Brunei","code":"BRN"},{"id":39,"name":"Bulgaria","code":"BGR"},{"id":40,"name":"Burkina Faso","code":"BFA"},{"id":41,"name":"Burundi","code":"BDI"},{"id":42,"name":"Cambodia","code":"KHM"},{"id":43,"name":"Cameroon","code":"CMR"},{"id":44,"name":"Canada","code":"CAN"},{"id":45,"name":"Cape Verde","code":"CPV"},{"id":197,"name":"Cayman Islands","code":"CYM"},{"id":174,"name":"Central African Republic","code":"CAF"},{"id":173,"name":"Chad","code":"TCD"},{"id":172,"name":"Chile","code":"CHL"},{"id":171,"name":"China","code":"CHN"},{"id":170,"name":"Colombia","code":"COL"},{"id":169,"name":"Comoros","code":"COM"},{"id":168,"name":"Congo","code":"COG"},{"id":199,"name":"Cook Islands","code":"COK"},{"id":166,"name":"Costa Rica","code":"CRI"},{"id":143,"name":"Cote d'Ivoire","code":"CIV"},{"id":165,"name":"Croatia","code":"HRV"},{"id":164,"name":"Cuba","code":"CUB"},{"id":279,"name":"Curacao","code":"CUW"},{"id":163,"name":"Cyprus","code":"CYP"},{"id":162,"name":"Czechia","code":"CZE"},{"id":167,"name":"Democratic Republic of Congo","code":"COD"},{"id":161,"name":"Denmark","code":"DNK"},{"id":154,"name":"Djibouti","code":"DJI"},{"id":200,"name":"Dominica","code":"DMA"},{"id":160,"name":"Dominican Republic","code":"DOM"},{"id":225,"name":"East Timor","code":"TLS"},{"id":201,"name":"Ecuador","code":"ECU"},{"id":65,"name":"Egypt","code":"EGY"},{"id":259,"name":"El Salvador","code":"SLV"},{"id":159,"name":"Equatorial Guinea","code":"GNQ"},{"id":157,"name":"Eritrea","code":"ERI"},{"id":156,"name":"Estonia","code":"EST"},{"id":78,"name":"Eswatini","code":"SWZ"},{"id":158,"name":"Ethiopia","code":"ETH"},{"id":202,"name":"Fiji","code":"FJI"},{"id":155,"name":"Finland","code":"FIN"},{"id":3,"name":"France","code":"FRA"},{"id":153,"name":"Gabon","code":"GAB"},{"id":151,"name":"Gambia","code":"GMB"},{"id":152,"name":"Georgia","code":"GEO"},{"id":6,"name":"Germany","code":"DEU"},{"id":150,"name":"Ghana","code":"GHA"},{"id":149,"name":"Greece","code":"GRC"},{"id":206,"name":"Grenada","code":"GRD"},{"id":148,"name":"Guatemala","code":"GTM"},{"id":147,"name":"Guinea","code":"GIN"},{"id":94,"name":"Guinea-Bissau","code":"GNB"},{"id":146,"name":"Guyana","code":"GUY"},{"id":145,"name":"Haiti","code":"HTI"},{"id":139,"name":"Honduras","code":"HND"},{"id":144,"name":"Hong Kong","code":"HKG"},{"id":138,"name":"Hungary","code":"HUN"},{"id":207,"name":"Iceland","code":"ISL"},{"id":137,"name":"India","code":"IND"},{"id":136,"name":"Indonesia","code":"IDN"},{"id":135,"name":"Iran","code":"IRN"},{"id":134,"name":"Iraq","code":"IRQ"},{"id":2,"name":"Ireland","code":"IRL"},{"id":133,"name":"Israel","code":"ISR"},{"id":8,"name":"Italy","code":"ITA"},{"id":132,"name":"Jamaica","code":"JAM"},{"id":14,"name":"Japan","code":"JPN"},{"id":130,"name":"Jordan","code":"JOR"},{"id":131,"name":"Kazakhstan","code":"KAZ"},{"id":129,"name":"Kenya","code":"KEN"},{"id":204,"name":"Kiribati","code":"KIR"},{"id":208,"name":"Kuwait","code":"KWT"},{"id":126,"name":"Kyrgyzstan","code":"KGZ"},{"id":125,"name":"Laos","code":"LAO"},{"id":122,"name":"Latvia","code":"LVA"},{"id":124,"name":"Lebanon","code":"LBN"},{"id":123,"name":"Lesotho","code":"LSO"},{"id":121,"name":"Liberia","code":"LBR"},{"id":120,"name":"Libya","code":"LBY"},{"id":209,"name":"Liechtenstein","code":"LIE"},{"id":119,"name":"Lithuania","code":"LTU"},{"id":210,"name":"Luxembourg","code":"LUX"},{"id":262,"name":"Macao","code":"MAC"},{"id":118,"name":"Madagascar","code":"MDG"},{"id":117,"name":"Malawi","code":"MWI"},{"id":116,"name":"Malaysia","code":"MYS"},{"id":211,"name":"Maldives","code":"MDV"},{"id":115,"name":"Mali","code":"MLI"},{"id":212,"name":"Malta","code":"MLT"},{"id":223,"name":"Marshall Islands","code":"MHL"},{"id":114,"name":"Mauritania","code":"MRT"},{"id":213,"name":"Mauritius","code":"MUS"},{"id":113,"name":"Mexico","code":"MEX"},{"id":222,"name":"Micronesia (country)","code":"FSM"},{"id":111,"name":"Moldova","code":"MDA"},{"id":214,"name":"Monaco","code":"MCO"},{"id":112,"name":"Mongolia","code":"MNG"},{"id":216,"name":"Montserrat","code":"MSR"},{"id":110,"name":"Morocco","code":"MAR"},{"id":109,"name":"Mozambique","code":"MOZ"},{"id":142,"name":"Myanmar","code":"MMR"},{"id":108,"name":"Namibia","code":"NAM"},{"id":218,"name":"Nauru","code":"NRU"},{"id":107,"name":"Nepal","code":"NPL"},{"id":5,"name":"Netherlands","code":"NLD"},{"id":106,"name":"New Zealand","code":"NZL"},{"id":105,"name":"Nicaragua","code":"NIC"},{"id":104,"name":"Niger","code":"NER"},{"id":103,"name":"Nigeria","code":"NGA"},{"id":66,"name":"North Macedonia","code":"MKD"},{"id":102,"name":"Norway","code":"NOR"},{"id":217,"name":"Oman","code":"OMN"},{"id":101,"name":"Pakistan","code":"PAK"},{"id":224,"name":"Palau","code":"PLW"},{"id":140,"name":"Palestine","code":"PSE"},{"id":100,"name":"Panama","code":"PAN"},{"id":99,"name":"Papua New Guinea","code":"PNG"},{"id":98,"name":"Paraguay","code":"PRY"},{"id":97,"name":"Peru","code":"PER"},{"id":96,"name":"Philippines","code":"PHL"},{"id":11,"name":"Poland","code":"POL"},{"id":95,"name":"Portugal","code":"PRT"},{"id":93,"name":"Puerto Rico","code":"PRI"},{"id":226,"name":"Qatar","code":"QAT"},{"id":92,"name":"Romania","code":"ROU"},{"id":12,"name":"Russia","code":"RUS"},{"id":91,"name":"Rwanda","code":"RWA"},{"id":227,"name":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","code":"KNA"},{"id":229,"name":"Saint Lucia","code":"LCA"},{"id":230,"name":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","code":"VCT"},{"id":239,"name":"Samoa","code":"WSM"},{"id":231,"name":"San Marino","code":"SMR"},{"id":232,"name":"Sao Tome and Principe","code":"STP"},{"id":90,"name":"Saudi Arabia","code":"SAU"},{"id":89,"name":"Senegal","code":"SEN"},{"id":88,"name":"Serbia","code":"SRB"},{"id":233,"name":"Seychelles","code":"SYC"},{"id":87,"name":"Sierra Leone","code":"SLE"},{"id":86,"name":"Singapore","code":"SGP"},{"id":281,"name":"Sint Maarten (Dutch part)","code":"SXM"},{"id":85,"name":"Slovakia","code":"SVK"},{"id":83,"name":"Slovenia","code":"SVN"},{"id":195,"name":"Solomon Islands","code":"SLB"},{"id":82,"name":"Somalia","code":"SOM"},{"id":81,"name":"South Africa","code":"ZAF"},{"id":127,"name":"South Korea","code":"KOR"},{"id":258,"name":"South Sudan","code":"SSD"},{"id":9,"name":"Spain","code":"ESP"},{"id":141,"name":"Sri Lanka","code":"LKA"},{"id":79,"name":"Sudan","code":"SDN"},{"id":234,"name":"Suriname","code":"SUR"},{"id":10,"name":"Sweden","code":"SWE"},{"id":7,"name":"Switzerland","code":"CHE"},{"id":77,"name":"Syria","code":"SYR"},{"id":76,"name":"Tajikistan","code":"TJK"},{"id":64,"name":"Tanzania","code":"TZA"},{"id":75,"name":"Thailand","code":"THA"},{"id":74,"name":"Togo","code":"TGO"},{"id":235,"name":"Tonga","code":"TON"},{"id":73,"name":"Trinidad and Tobago","code":"TTO"},{"id":71,"name":"Tunisia","code":"TUN"},{"id":70,"name":"Turkey","code":"TUR"},{"id":69,"name":"Turkmenistan","code":"TKM"},{"id":236,"name":"Turks and Caicos Islands","code":"TCA"},{"id":237,"name":"Tuvalu","code":"TUV"},{"id":68,"name":"Uganda","code":"UGA"},{"id":67,"name":"Ukraine","code":"UKR"},{"id":72,"name":"United Arab Emirates","code":"ARE"},{"id":1,"name":"United Kingdom","code":"GBR"},{"id":13,"name":"United States","code":"USA"},{"id":63,"name":"Uruguay","code":"URY"},{"id":62,"name":"Uzbekistan","code":"UZB"},{"id":221,"name":"Vanuatu","code":"VUT"},{"id":238,"name":"Venezuela","code":"VEN"},{"id":84,"name":"Vietnam","code":"VNM"},{"id":61,"name":"Yemen","code":"YEM"},{"id":60,"name":"Zambia","code":"ZMB"},{"id":80,"name":"Zimbabwe","code":"ZWE"}]}},"origins":[{"id":3521,"titleSnapshot":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) - Education (SDGs)","title":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) - Education","descriptionSnapshot":"This snapshot is for the SDG Global and Thematic Indicators dataset.","description":"The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) is the official and trusted source of internationally-comparable data on education, science, culture and communication. As the official statistical agency of UNESCO, the UIS produces a wide range of state-of-the-art databases to fuel the policies and investments needed to transform lives and propel the world towards its development goals. The UIS provides free access to data for all UNESCO countries and regional groupings from 1970 to the most recent year available.","producer":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics","citationFull":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), Education, https://uis.unesco.org/bdds, 2025","attributionShort":"UIS","urlMain":"https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk","urlDownload":"https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/bdds/022025/SDG.zip","dateAccessed":"2025-05-01","datePublished":"2025-02-01","license":{"url":"https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/terms-and-conditions","name":"CC BY 3.0 IGO"}}]}