{"id":1209660,"name":"Share (top 1%, before tax) - Extrapolated","unit":"%","createdAt":"2026-03-17T12:20:35.000Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-03T17:40:31.000Z","coverage":"","timespan":"1820-2024","datasetId":7771,"shortUnit":"%","columnOrder":0,"shortName":"share_top_1__welfare_type_before_tax__extrapolated_yes","catalogPath":"grapher/wid/2026-02-10/world_inequality_database/inequality#share_top_1__welfare_type_before_tax__extrapolated_yes","dimensions":{"years":{"values":[{"id":1980},{"id":1981},{"id":1982},{"id":1983},{"id":1984},{"id":1985},{"id":1986},{"id":1987},{"id":1988},{"id":1989},{"id":1990},{"id":1991},{"id":1992},{"id":1993},{"id":1994},{"id":1995},{"id":1996},{"id":1997},{"id":1998},{"id":1999},{"id":2000},{"id":2001},{"id":2002},{"id":2003},{"id":2004},{"id":2005},{"id":2006},{"id":2007},{"id":2008},{"id":2009},{"id":2010},{"id":2011},{"id":2012},{"id":2013},{"id":2014},{"id":2015},{"id":2016},{"id":2017},{"id":2018},{"id":2019},{"id":2020},{"id":2021},{"id":2022},{"id":2023},{"id":2024},{"id":1820},{"id":1850},{"id":1880},{"id":1900},{"id":1910},{"id":1920},{"id":1930},{"id":1932},{"id":1933},{"id":1934},{"id":1935},{"id":1936},{"id":1937},{"id":1938},{"id":1939},{"id":1940},{"id":1941},{"id":1946},{"id":1947},{"id":1948},{"id":1949},{"id":1950},{"id":1951},{"id":1952},{"id":1953},{"id":1954},{"id":1955},{"id":1957},{"id":1960},{"id":1970},{"id":1942},{"id":1943},{"id":1944},{"id":1945},{"id":1956},{"id":1958},{"id":1959},{"id":1961},{"id":1911},{"id":1912},{"id":1913},{"id":1914},{"id":1915},{"id":1916},{"id":1917},{"id":1918},{"id":1919},{"id":1921},{"id":1922},{"id":1923},{"id":1924},{"id":1925},{"id":1926},{"id":1927},{"id":1928},{"id":1929},{"id":1931},{"id":1962},{"id":1963},{"id":1964},{"id":1965},{"id":1966},{"id":1967},{"id":1968},{"id":1969},{"id":1971},{"id":1972},{"id":1973},{"id":1974},{"id":1975},{"id":1976},{"id":1977},{"id":1978},{"id":1979},{"id":1870},{"id":1903},{"id":1908},{"id":1871},{"id":1872},{"id":1873},{"id":1874},{"id":1875},{"id":1876},{"id":1877},{"id":1878},{"id":1879},{"id":1881},{"id":1882},{"id":1883},{"id":1884},{"id":1885},{"id":1886},{"id":1887},{"id":1888},{"id":1889},{"id":1890},{"id":1891},{"id":1892},{"id":1893},{"id":1894},{"id":1895},{"id":1896},{"id":1897},{"id":1898},{"id":1899},{"id":1901},{"id":1902},{"id":1904},{"id":1905},{"id":1906},{"id":1907},{"id":1909}]},"entities":{"values":[{"id":15,"name":"Afghanistan","code":"AFG"},{"id":16,"name":"Albania","code":"ALB"},{"id":17,"name":"Algeria","code":"DZA"},{"id":18,"name":"Andorra","code":"AND"},{"id":19,"name":"Angola","code":"AGO"},{"id":228,"name":"Anguilla","code":"AIA"},{"id":20,"name":"Antigua and Barbuda","code":"ATG"},{"id":21,"name":"Argentina","code":"ARG"},{"id":22,"name":"Armenia","code":"ARM"},{"id":219,"name":"Aruba","code":"ABW"},{"id":23,"name":"Australia","code":"AUS"},{"id":24,"name":"Austria","code":"AUT"},{"id":25,"name":"Azerbaijan","code":"AZE"},{"id":26,"name":"Bahamas","code":"BHS"},{"id":27,"name":"Bahrain","code":"BHR"},{"id":28,"name":"Bangladesh","code":"BGD"},{"id":29,"name":"Barbados","code":"BRB"},{"id":30,"name":"Belarus","code":"BLR"},{"id":4,"name":"Belgium","code":"BEL"},{"id":31,"name":"Belize","code":"BLZ"},{"id":32,"name":"Benin","code":"BEN"},{"id":194,"name":"Bermuda","code":"BMU"},{"id":33,"name":"Bhutan","code":"BTN"},{"id":34,"name":"Bolivia","code":"BOL"},{"id":348,"name":"Bonaire Sint Eustatius and Saba","code":"BES"},{"id":35,"name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","code":"BIH"},{"id":36,"name":"Botswana","code":"BWA"},{"id":37,"name":"Brazil","code":"BRA"},{"id":196,"name":"British Virgin Islands","code":"VGB"},{"id":38,"name":"Brunei","code":"BRN"},{"id":39,"name":"Bulgaria","code":"BGR"},{"id":40,"name":"Burkina Faso","code":"BFA"},{"id":41,"name":"Burundi","code":"BDI"},{"id":42,"name":"Cambodia","code":"KHM"},{"id":43,"name":"Cameroon","code":"CMR"},{"id":44,"name":"Canada","code":"CAN"},{"id":45,"name":"Cape Verde","code":"CPV"},{"id":197,"name":"Cayman Islands","code":"CYM"},{"id":174,"name":"Central African Republic","code":"CAF"},{"id":173,"name":"Chad","code":"TCD"},{"id":172,"name":"Chile","code":"CHL"},{"id":171,"name":"China","code":"CHN"},{"id":170,"name":"Colombia","code":"COL"},{"id":169,"name":"Comoros","code":"COM"},{"id":168,"name":"Congo","code":"COG"},{"id":166,"name":"Costa Rica","code":"CRI"},{"id":143,"name":"Cote d'Ivoire","code":"CIV"},{"id":165,"name":"Croatia","code":"HRV"},{"id":164,"name":"Cuba","code":"CUB"},{"id":279,"name":"Curacao","code":"CUW"},{"id":163,"name":"Cyprus","code":"CYP"},{"id":162,"name":"Czechia","code":"CZE"},{"id":167,"name":"Democratic Republic of Congo","code":"COD"},{"id":161,"name":"Denmark","code":"DNK"},{"id":154,"name":"Djibouti","code":"DJI"},{"id":200,"name":"Dominica","code":"DMA"},{"id":160,"name":"Dominican Republic","code":"DOM"},{"id":356853,"name":"East Asia (WID)","code":null},{"id":186,"name":"East Germany","code":"OWID_GDR"},{"id":225,"name":"East Timor","code":"TLS"},{"id":201,"name":"Ecuador","code":"ECU"},{"id":65,"name":"Egypt","code":"EGY"},{"id":259,"name":"El Salvador","code":"SLV"},{"id":159,"name":"Equatorial Guinea","code":"GNQ"},{"id":157,"name":"Eritrea","code":"ERI"},{"id":156,"name":"Estonia","code":"EST"},{"id":78,"name":"Eswatini","code":"SWZ"},{"id":158,"name":"Ethiopia","code":"ETH"},{"id":356789,"name":"Europe (WID)","code":null},{"id":202,"name":"Fiji","code":"FJI"},{"id":155,"name":"Finland","code":"FIN"},{"id":3,"name":"France","code":"FRA"},{"id":203,"name":"French Polynesia","code":"PYF"},{"id":153,"name":"Gabon","code":"GAB"},{"id":151,"name":"Gambia","code":"GMB"},{"id":152,"name":"Georgia","code":"GEO"},{"id":6,"name":"Germany","code":"DEU"},{"id":150,"name":"Ghana","code":"GHA"},{"id":251,"name":"Gibraltar","code":"GIB"},{"id":149,"name":"Greece","code":"GRC"},{"id":205,"name":"Greenland","code":"GRL"},{"id":206,"name":"Grenada","code":"GRD"},{"id":148,"name":"Guatemala","code":"GTM"},{"id":282,"name":"Guernsey","code":"GGY"},{"id":147,"name":"Guinea","code":"GIN"},{"id":94,"name":"Guinea-Bissau","code":"GNB"},{"id":146,"name":"Guyana","code":"GUY"},{"id":145,"name":"Haiti","code":"HTI"},{"id":139,"name":"Honduras","code":"HND"},{"id":144,"name":"Hong Kong","code":"HKG"},{"id":138,"name":"Hungary","code":"HUN"},{"id":207,"name":"Iceland","code":"ISL"},{"id":137,"name":"India","code":"IND"},{"id":136,"name":"Indonesia","code":"IDN"},{"id":135,"name":"Iran","code":"IRN"},{"id":134,"name":"Iraq","code":"IRQ"},{"id":2,"name":"Ireland","code":"IRL"},{"id":265,"name":"Isle of Man","code":"IMN"},{"id":133,"name":"Israel","code":"ISR"},{"id":8,"name":"Italy","code":"ITA"},{"id":132,"name":"Jamaica","code":"JAM"},{"id":14,"name":"Japan","code":"JPN"},{"id":283,"name":"Jersey","code":"JEY"},{"id":130,"name":"Jordan","code":"JOR"},{"id":131,"name":"Kazakhstan","code":"KAZ"},{"id":129,"name":"Kenya","code":"KEN"},{"id":204,"name":"Kiribati","code":"KIR"},{"id":379,"name":"Kosovo","code":"OWID_KOS"},{"id":208,"name":"Kuwait","code":"KWT"},{"id":126,"name":"Kyrgyzstan","code":"KGZ"},{"id":125,"name":"Laos","code":"LAO"},{"id":356836,"name":"Latin America (WID)","code":null},{"id":122,"name":"Latvia","code":"LVA"},{"id":124,"name":"Lebanon","code":"LBN"},{"id":123,"name":"Lesotho","code":"LSO"},{"id":121,"name":"Liberia","code":"LBR"},{"id":120,"name":"Libya","code":"LBY"},{"id":209,"name":"Liechtenstein","code":"LIE"},{"id":119,"name":"Lithuania","code":"LTU"},{"id":210,"name":"Luxembourg","code":"LUX"},{"id":356793,"name":"MENA (WID)","code":null},{"id":262,"name":"Macao","code":"MAC"},{"id":118,"name":"Madagascar","code":"MDG"},{"id":117,"name":"Malawi","code":"MWI"},{"id":116,"name":"Malaysia","code":"MYS"},{"id":211,"name":"Maldives","code":"MDV"},{"id":115,"name":"Mali","code":"MLI"},{"id":212,"name":"Malta","code":"MLT"},{"id":223,"name":"Marshall Islands","code":"MHL"},{"id":114,"name":"Mauritania","code":"MRT"},{"id":213,"name":"Mauritius","code":"MUS"},{"id":113,"name":"Mexico","code":"MEX"},{"id":222,"name":"Micronesia (country)","code":"FSM"},{"id":111,"name":"Moldova","code":"MDA"},{"id":214,"name":"Monaco","code":"MCO"},{"id":112,"name":"Mongolia","code":"MNG"},{"id":215,"name":"Montenegro","code":"MNE"},{"id":216,"name":"Montserrat","code":"MSR"},{"id":110,"name":"Morocco","code":"MAR"},{"id":109,"name":"Mozambique","code":"MOZ"},{"id":142,"name":"Myanmar","code":"MMR"},{"id":108,"name":"Namibia","code":"NAM"},{"id":218,"name":"Nauru","code":"NRU"},{"id":107,"name":"Nepal","code":"NPL"},{"id":5,"name":"Netherlands","code":"NLD"},{"id":220,"name":"New Caledonia","code":"NCL"},{"id":106,"name":"New Zealand","code":"NZL"},{"id":105,"name":"Nicaragua","code":"NIC"},{"id":104,"name":"Niger","code":"NER"},{"id":103,"name":"Nigeria","code":"NGA"},{"id":356849,"name":"North America (WID)","code":null},{"id":128,"name":"North Korea","code":"PRK"},{"id":66,"name":"North Macedonia","code":"MKD"},{"id":102,"name":"Norway","code":"NOR"},{"id":356814,"name":"Oceania (WID)","code":null},{"id":217,"name":"Oman","code":"OMN"},{"id":101,"name":"Pakistan","code":"PAK"},{"id":224,"name":"Palau","code":"PLW"},{"id":140,"name":"Palestine","code":"PSE"},{"id":100,"name":"Panama","code":"PAN"},{"id":99,"name":"Papua New Guinea","code":"PNG"},{"id":98,"name":"Paraguay","code":"PRY"},{"id":97,"name":"Peru","code":"PER"},{"id":96,"name":"Philippines","code":"PHL"},{"id":11,"name":"Poland","code":"POL"},{"id":95,"name":"Portugal","code":"PRT"},{"id":93,"name":"Puerto Rico","code":"PRI"},{"id":226,"name":"Qatar","code":"QAT"},{"id":92,"name":"Romania","code":"ROU"},{"id":12,"name":"Russia","code":"RUS"},{"id":356792,"name":"Russia and Central Asia (WID)","code":null},{"id":91,"name":"Rwanda","code":"RWA"},{"id":227,"name":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","code":"KNA"},{"id":229,"name":"Saint Lucia","code":"LCA"},{"id":230,"name":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","code":"VCT"},{"id":239,"name":"Samoa","code":"WSM"},{"id":231,"name":"San Marino","code":"SMR"},{"id":232,"name":"Sao Tome and Principe","code":"STP"},{"id":90,"name":"Saudi Arabia","code":"SAU"},{"id":89,"name":"Senegal","code":"SEN"},{"id":88,"name":"Serbia","code":"SRB"},{"id":233,"name":"Seychelles","code":"SYC"},{"id":87,"name":"Sierra Leone","code":"SLE"},{"id":86,"name":"Singapore","code":"SGP"},{"id":281,"name":"Sint Maarten (Dutch part)","code":"SXM"},{"id":85,"name":"Slovakia","code":"SVK"},{"id":83,"name":"Slovenia","code":"SVN"},{"id":195,"name":"Solomon Islands","code":"SLB"},{"id":82,"name":"Somalia","code":"SOM"},{"id":356811,"name":"South & South-East Asia (WID)","code":null},{"id":81,"name":"South Africa","code":"ZAF"},{"id":127,"name":"South Korea","code":"KOR"},{"id":258,"name":"South Sudan","code":"SSD"},{"id":9,"name":"Spain","code":"ESP"},{"id":141,"name":"Sri Lanka","code":"LKA"},{"id":356809,"name":"Sub-Saharan Africa (WID)","code":null},{"id":79,"name":"Sudan","code":"SDN"},{"id":234,"name":"Suriname","code":"SUR"},{"id":10,"name":"Sweden","code":"SWE"},{"id":7,"name":"Switzerland","code":"CHE"},{"id":77,"name":"Syria","code":"SYR"},{"id":198,"name":"Taiwan","code":"TWN"},{"id":76,"name":"Tajikistan","code":"TJK"},{"id":64,"name":"Tanzania","code":"TZA"},{"id":75,"name":"Thailand","code":"THA"},{"id":74,"name":"Togo","code":"TGO"},{"id":235,"name":"Tonga","code":"TON"},{"id":73,"name":"Trinidad and Tobago","code":"TTO"},{"id":71,"name":"Tunisia","code":"TUN"},{"id":70,"name":"Turkey","code":"TUR"},{"id":69,"name":"Turkmenistan","code":"TKM"},{"id":236,"name":"Turks and Caicos Islands","code":"TCA"},{"id":237,"name":"Tuvalu","code":"TUV"},{"id":68,"name":"Uganda","code":"UGA"},{"id":67,"name":"Ukraine","code":"UKR"},{"id":72,"name":"United Arab Emirates","code":"ARE"},{"id":1,"name":"United Kingdom","code":"GBR"},{"id":13,"name":"United States","code":"USA"},{"id":63,"name":"Uruguay","code":"URY"},{"id":62,"name":"Uzbekistan","code":"UZB"},{"id":221,"name":"Vanuatu","code":"VUT"},{"id":238,"name":"Venezuela","code":"VEN"},{"id":84,"name":"Vietnam","code":"VNM"},{"id":355,"name":"World","code":"OWID_WRL"},{"id":61,"name":"Yemen","code":"YEM"},{"id":60,"name":"Zambia","code":"ZMB"},{"id":80,"name":"Zimbabwe","code":"ZWE"}]}},"descriptionShort":"The share of income received by the richest 1% of the population. Income here is measured before taxes and benefits.","descriptionProcessing":"We extract estimations of Gini, mean, percentile thresholds, averages, and shares via the [`wid` Stata command](https://github.com/world-inequality-database/wid-stata-tool). We calculate threshold and share ratios by dividing different thresholds and shares, respectively.\n\nInterpolations and extrapolations are included by not using the option `exclude` in the Stata command.","type":"float","grapherConfigIdETL":"019cfbbd-a5d4-7b38-9008-ed3bec619034","dataChecksum":"1177279025767347127","metadataChecksum":"-2837178914457286880","datasetName":"World Inequality Database (WID)","updatePeriodDays":365,"datasetVersion":"2026-02-10","nonRedistributable":false,"display":{"name":"Share (top 1%, before tax)","unit":"%","shortUnit":"%","tolerance":5,"numDecimalPlaces":1},"schemaVersion":2,"processingLevel":"major","presentation":{"titleVariant":"with extrapolations","attributionShort":"WID","topicTagsLinks":["Economic Inequality"]},"descriptionKey":["Incomes are distributed very unequally, both between countries and within them. A large share of total income is concentrated among the very richest, making the top of the distribution important to understand. Read more in our topic page on [economic inequality](https://ourworldindata.org/economic-inequality).","This data shows the share of total income that goes to specific groups of the population. For example, if the richest decile receives 40% of total income, it means the richest 10% of people share 40% of all income between them.","Income is measured before taxes have been paid and most government benefits have been received. The exception is pensions and other social insurance benefits, such as unemployment insurance — contributions to these are deducted, and the corresponding benefits are added back as income. This unusual choice is made because countries organize pensions very differently — in public systems, private ones, or a mix — and treating them in the same way avoids the comparison being driven by those differences.","The data comes from the World Inequality Database (WID), which combines household surveys, tax records, and national accounts to estimate how a country's total national income is distributed across the population. Tax records have direct information on high earners, so this approach captures more of the income received by those at the top of the distribution than surveys alone. It also provides a longer historical perspective. WID is based on national income — a broader concept than what surveys measure — which includes components people wouldn’t normally think of as part of their income, such as retained corporate profits and imputed rent from owner-occupied housing.","Tax records are an important source for WID, but they have limitations. They only capture people who file tax returns, and even where the data is more complete, income that is unreported, evaded, or held offshore may not be captured.","For some countries and years, the underlying data sources (household surveys, tax records) are not available. In these cases, WID estimates it by extrapolating from other years or data from other countries, which introduces uncertainty. For more information, see the [WID methodology documentation](https://wid.world/document/distributional-national-accounts-dina-guidelines-2025-methods-and-concepts-used-in-the-world-inequality-database/)."],"origins":[{"id":14189,"titleSnapshot":"World Inequality Database (WID) - Key indicators","title":"World Inequality Database (WID)","description":"The World Inequality Database (WID.world) aims to provide open and convenient access to the most extensive available database on the historical evolution of the world distribution of income and wealth, both within countries and between countries.","producer":"World Inequality Database (WID.world)","citationFull":"World Inequality Database (WID), https://wid.world","attributionShort":"WID","urlMain":"https://wid.world","dateAccessed":"2026-03-17","datePublished":"2026","license":{"url":"https://wid.world/","name":"CC BY 4.0"}},{"id":14190,"titleSnapshot":"World Inequality Database (WID) - Key indicators (with extrapolations)","title":"World Inequality Database (WID)","description":"The World Inequality Database (WID.world) aims to provide open and convenient access to the most extensive available database on the historical evolution of the world distribution of income and wealth, both within countries and between countries.","producer":"World Inequality Database (WID.world)","citationFull":"World Inequality Database (WID), https://wid.world","attributionShort":"WID","urlMain":"https://wid.world","dateAccessed":"2026-03-17","datePublished":"2026","license":{"url":"https://wid.world/","name":"CC BY 4.0"}}]}