{"id":1271801,"name":"Net enrollment rate in primary education (combined historical)","unit":"%","createdAt":"2026-06-22T14:07:10.000Z","updatedAt":"2026-06-26T12:54:50.000Z","coverage":"","timespan":"1820-2025","datasetId":8016,"shortUnit":"%","columnOrder":0,"shortName":"net_enrolment_rate__primary__both_sexes__pct__combined_historical","catalogPath":"grapher/unesco/2026-05-12/education_opri/education_opri#net_enrolment_rate__primary__both_sexes__pct__combined_historical","descriptionShort":"The share of children of [primary](#dod:primary-education) school age (typically 6–11 years) who are enrolled in primary education.","descriptionProcessing":"- UNESCO OPRI data (based on school censuses that track enrollment by individual age) is used wherever available. Before 1985, for country-years without UNESCO coverage, data comes from [Lee and Lee (2016)](https://barrolee.github.io/BarroLeeDataSet/DataLeeLee.html), whose enrollment ratios adjust for grade repetition, bringing them closer to a true net enrollment rate than raw gross enrollment ratios.","type":"float","grapherConfigIdETL":"019eefa8-1576-70f0-b17d-b3a2928fe32d","dataChecksum":"10846659622630519021","metadataChecksum":"-5042242500291397380","datasetName":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) - Education (other policy relevant indicators)","updatePeriodDays":365,"datasetVersion":"2026-05-12","nonRedistributable":false,"display":{"name":"Both sexes","unit":"%","shortUnit":"%","tolerance":10,"numDecimalPlaces":1},"schemaVersion":2,"processingLevel":"minor","presentation":{"titlePublic":"Net enrollment rate in primary education","topicTagsLinks":["Global Education"]},"descriptionKey":["This indicator combines data from two sources. Where UNESCO administrative records are available (from as early as the 1970s for some countries), those are used. Before 1985, where UNESCO data is not available, it draws on adjusted enrollment ratios from [Lee and Lee (2016)](https://barrolee.github.io/BarroLeeDataSet/DataLeeLee.html) — modified gross enrollment ratios that account for grade repetition, serving as the best available approximation of net enrollment rates for periods when age-specific enrollment data were not widely collected.","The net enrollment rate shows what share of children are enrolled at the education level intended for their age — for example, a rate of 90% means 90% of children in the official age group are enrolled at that level.","A rate below 100% doesn't necessarily mean those children are out of school — some may be enrolled at a different level than expected for their age."],"dimensions":{"years":{"values":[{"id":1820},{"id":1825},{"id":1830},{"id":1835},{"id":1840},{"id":1845},{"id":1850},{"id":1855},{"id":1860},{"id":1865},{"id":1870},{"id":1875},{"id":1880},{"id":1885},{"id":1890},{"id":1895},{"id":1900},{"id":1905},{"id":1910},{"id":1915},{"id":1920},{"id":1925},{"id":1930},{"id":1935},{"id":1940},{"id":1945},{"id":1950},{"id":1955},{"id":1960},{"id":1965},{"id":1970},{"id":1974},{"id":1975},{"id":1980},{"id":1993},{"id":1999},{"id":2000},{"id":2001},{"id":2003},{"id":2004},{"id":2008},{"id":2009},{"id":2010},{"id":2011},{"id":2012},{"id":2013},{"id":2014},{"id":2015},{"id":2016},{"id":2017},{"id":2018},{"id":2019},{"id":2020},{"id":2021},{"id":2022},{"id":2023},{"id":2024},{"id":1973},{"id":1976},{"id":1977},{"id":1978},{"id":1979},{"id":1981},{"id":1982},{"id":1983},{"id":1984},{"id":1985},{"id":1986},{"id":1987},{"id":1988},{"id":1989},{"id":1990},{"id":1991},{"id":1992},{"id":1994},{"id":1995},{"id":1996},{"id":1997},{"id":2002},{"id":2005},{"id":2006},{"id":2007},{"id":2025},{"id":1998},{"id":1971},{"id":1972}]},"entities":{"values":[{"id":15,"name":"Afghanistan","code":"AFG"},{"id":273,"name":"Africa","code":"OWID_AFR"},{"id":16,"name":"Albania","code":"ALB"},{"id":17,"name":"Algeria","code":"DZA"},{"id":18,"name":"Andorra","code":"AND"},{"id":19,"name":"Angola","code":"AGO"},{"id":228,"name":"Anguilla","code":"AIA"},{"id":20,"name":"Antigua 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As the official statistical agency of UNESCO, the UIS produces a wide range of state-of-the-art databases to fuel the policies and investments needed to transform lives and propel the world towards its development goals. The UIS provides free access to data for all UNESCO countries and regional groupings from 1970 to the most recent year available.","producer":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics","citationFull":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), Education, https://uis.unesco.org/bdds, 2026.","attributionShort":"UIS","urlMain":"https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk","urlDownload":"https://download.uis.unesco.org/bdds/202602/OPRI.zip","dateAccessed":"2026-05-12","datePublished":"2026-02-01","license":{"url":"https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/terms-and-conditions","name":"CC BY 3.0 IGO"}},{"id":218,"title":"Human Capital in the Long Run","description":"Datasets on estimated school enrollment ratios from 1820 to 2010 and estimated educational attainment for the total, female, and male populations from 1870 to 2010. The estimates are available in five-year intervals for 111 countries.\n\nDatasets were last updated in 2021 September. The research provides insightful analysis on the progression and trends of educational attainment over a long historical period, offering a comprehensive understanding of educational developments globally.\n","producer":"Lee and Lee","citationFull":"Lee, Jong-Wha and Hanol Lee, 2016, “Human Capital in the Long Run,” Journal of Development Economics, vol. 122, pp. 147-169.","urlMain":"https://barrolee.github.io/BarroLeeDataSet/DataLeeLee.html","dateAccessed":"2023-11-20","datePublished":"2016","license":{"url":"https://barrolee.github.io/BarroLeeDataSet/OUPProj.html","name":"2021 by Robert J. Barro and Jong-Wha Lee."}}]}