Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.

Aggregation method:

Weighted average

Statistical concept and methodology:

Methodology: The data used to estimate diabetes prevalence were gathered from various sources. Most of the data were extracted from peer-reviewed publications and national health surveys, including selected WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (WHO STEPS) studies. Additionally, data from other official sources, such as registries and reports from health regulatory bodies, were utilized, provided there was sufficient information to assess their quality. Data sources with adequate methodological information on key areas of interest, such as the method of diagnosis and sample representativeness, were included. Given the significance of age as a major determinant for diabetes prevalence, only studies with at least three age-specific estimates were considered. After selecting the data sources, the reported age- and sex-specific data in each source were smoothed using a logistic regression model.

Development relevance:

Diabetes, an important cause of ill health and a risk factor for other diseases in developed countries, is spreading rapidly in developing countries. Highest among the elderly, prevalence rates are rising among younger and productive populations in developing countries. Economic development has led to the spread of Western lifestyles and diet to developing countries, resulting in a substantial increase in diabetes. Without effective prevention and control programs, diabetes will likely continue to increase.

Limitations and exceptions:

The limited availability of data on health status is a major constraint in assessing the health situation in developing countries. Surveillance data are lacking for many major public health concerns. Estimates of prevalence and incidence are available for some diseases but are often unreliable and incomplete. National health authorities differ widely in capacity and willingness to collect or report information.